Unidirectional Water Main Flushing (UDF) is increasingly used across North America to improve operations, enhance the water system and improve service standards. Water main flushing has long been considered an effective method to remove unwanted tastes, odors or discolorations of the water, and to improve chlorine residual. UDF, a specific type of water main flushing, provides greater cleaning and uses less water than conventional flushing. This article focuses on the implementation of a UDF program, and implementation considerations are discussed for program planning and field activities.
Kammereck, L., and Reisinger, D., “Flushing Tips How to Implement a Unidirectional Flushing Program and Improve Your Efficiency, Conservation.” Water Finance & Management, October, 2016.